Overview of Rule 9 Submissions in view of the Committee of Ministers' Deputies Human Rights Meeting in December 2025

From the 2nd to the 4th of December 2025, the Committee of Ministers is meeting for their last quarterly Human Rights Meeting of 2025. During the meeting, the Committee of Ministers will examine 58 leading judgments of the European Court of Human Rights that are pending implementation.

EIN members and partners, other civil society actors, lawyers and applicants have made 49 Rule 9 submissions in 33 leading cases under consideration. The list below sets out an overview of these submissions related to cases on the agenda.

Overview of Submissions 

X and Others v. Albania

Violation: Failure to implement swift and comprehensive desegregation measures in an elementary school attended almost exclusively by Roma and Egyptian children.

Latest Examination: December 2024 - CM/Del/Dec(2024)1514/H46-2

Latest Submission: 1545th meeting (December 2025) (DH) - Rule 9.2 - Communication from NGOs (European Roma Rights Centre (ERRC)) and Commissioner for Protection from Discrimination of Albania (CPD)) (13/10/2025) in the case of X and Others v. Albania (Application No. 73548/17) [anglais uniquement] [DH-DD(2025)1269]

Khadija Ismayilova v. Azerbaijan group

Violation: Violations of the applicants’ right to privacy and freedom of expression in connection with their work.

Latest Examination: March 2025 - CM/Del/Dec(2025)1521/H46-3

Latest Submission: 1545th meeting (December 2025) (DH) - Rule 9.2 - Communication from an NGO (Free Voices Collective) (30/10/2025) in the Khadija Ismayilova group of cases v. Azerbaijan (Application No. 65286/13) [anglais uniquement] [DH-DD(2025)1338]

Mammadli v. Azerbaijan group

Violation: Arrest and pre-trial detention to punish the applicants for his activities in the area of electoral monitoring or for their active social and political engagement in breach of Article 18 taken in conjunction with Article 5.

Latest Examination: September 2025 - CM/Del/Dec(2025)1537/H46-3

Latest Submission: 1545th meeting (December 2025) (DH) - Rule 9.1 - Communication from the applicant (23/10/2025) in the Mammadli group of cases v. Azerbaijan (Application No. 47145/14) [anglais uniquement] [DH-DD(2025)1266]

Namat Aliyev v. Azerbaijan group

Violation: Various irregularities in the context of the 2005 and 2010 parliamentary elections and lack of safeguards against arbitrariness.

Latest Examination: December 2024 - CM/Del/Dec(2024)1514/H46-8

Latest Submission: 1545th meeting (December 2025) (DH) - Rule 9.2 - Communication from an NGO (Free Voices Collective) (31/10/2025) in the Namat Aliyev group of cases v. Azerbaijan (Application No. 18705/06) [anglais uniquement] [DH-DD(2025)1350]

Bell v. Belgium group

Violation: Excessive length of civil proceedings.

Latest Examination: June 2024 - CM/Del/Dec(2024)1501/H46-6

Latest Submissions: 1545th meeting (December 2025) (DH) - Rule 9.2 - Communication from an NGO (Flemish Bar Association (OVB)) (24/10/2025) in the Bell group of cases v. Belgium (Application No. 44826/05) [anglais uniquement] [DH-DD(2025)1321]

1545e réunion (décembre 2025) (DH) - Règle 9.2 - Communication d'une INDH (Institut fédéral pour la protection et la promotion des droits humains) (27/10/2025) dans le groupe d’affaires Bell c. Belgique (requête n° 44826/05) [French only] [DH-DD(2025)1322]

Sejdić and Finci v. Bosnia and Herzegovina group

Violation: Ethnic-based discrimination on account of the ineligibility of persons not affiliated with one of the “constituent peoples” (Bosniaks, Croats or Serbs) to stand for election to the House of Peoples and the Presidency.

Latest Examination: March 2025 - CM/Del/Dec(2025)1521/H46-7

Latest Submission: 1545th meeting (December 2025) (DH) - Rule 9.2 - Communication from NGOs (Human Rights Watch and Minority Rights Group) (13/10/2025) in the group of cases Sejdic and Finci v. Bosnia and Herzegovina (Application No. 27996/06) [anglais uniquement] [DH-DD(2025)1272]

Bulgarian Orthodox Old Calendar Church and Others v. Bulgaria group

Violation: Unjustified refusals to register religious organisations.

Latest Examination: March 2025 - CM/Del/Dec(2025)1521/H46-39

Latest Submissions: 1545th meeting (December 2025) (DH) - Rule 9.1 - Communication from the applicant (28/11/2025) in the group of cases Bulgarian Orthodox Old Calendar Church and Others v. Bulgaria (Application No. 56751/13) [anglais uniquement] [DH-DD(2025)1455]

1545th meeting (December 2025) (DH) - Rule 9.2 - Communication from an NGO (Bulgarian Helsinki Committee (BHC)) (15/10/2025) in the group of cases Bulgarian Orthodox Old Calendar Church and Others v. Bulgaria (Application No. 56751/13) [anglais uniquement] [DH-DD(2025)1270]

Yordanova and Others v. Bulgaria

Violation: Eviction of persons of Roma origin on the basis of legislation not requiring adequate examination of the proportionality of the measure.

Latest Examination: December 2024 - CM/Del/Dec(2024)1514/H46-14

Latest Submission: 1545th meeting (December 2025) (DH) - Rule 9.2 - Communication from an NGO (Bulgarian Helsinki Committee (BHC)) (16/10/2025) in the Yordanova and Others group of cases v. Bulgaria (Application No. 25446/06) [anglais uniquement] [DH-DD(2025)1277]

Stanev v. Bulgaria

Violation: Unlawfulness of the placement in social care home of the applicant with mental disorders; lack of judicial review and poor living conditions; impossibility for the applicant, partially incapacitated, to request the restoration of his legal capacity.

Latest Examination: March 2024 - CM/Del/Dec(2024)1492/H46-6

Latest Submission: 1545th meeting (December 2025) (DH) - Rules 9.2 and 9.6 - Communication from NGOs (Network of Independent Experts (NIE), KERA Foundation, Validity Foundation and Centre for Independent Living) (13/10/2025) in the Stanev group of cases v. Bulgaria (Application No. 36760/06) and reply from the authorities (29/10/2025) [anglais uniquement] [DH-DD(2025)1249-rev]

Kolevi v. Bulgaria

Violation: Systemic problem of ineffective criminal investigations with regard to shortcomings which affect investigations concerning both private individuals and law enforcement agents and lack of guarantees for the independence of criminal investigations against the Chief Prosecutor.

Latest Examination: June 2024 - CM/Del/Dec(2024)1501/H46-10

Latest Submission: 1545th meeting (December 2025) (DH) - Rules 9.2 and 9.6 - Communication from an NGO (Bulgarian Helsinki Committee) (15/10/2025) concerning the case of KOLEVI v. Bulgaria (Application No. 1108/02) and reply from the authorities (21/10/2025) [anglais uniquement] [DH-DD(2025)1244]

United Macedonian Organisation Ilinden and Others v. Bulgaria group

Violation: Unjustified refusals by the courts to register an association aiming at achieving “the recognition of the Macedonian minority in Bulgaria”.

Latest Examination: September 2025 - CM/Del/Dec(2025)1537/H46-10

Latest Submissions: 1545th meeting (December 2025) (DH) - Rule 9.2 - Communication from NGOs (Human Right Committee Tolerance, United Macedonian Organisation “Ilinden” and Organisation of Repressed Macedonians in Bulgaria Victims of the Communist Terror) (12/11/2025) in the United Macedonian Organisation Ilinden and Others group of cases v. Bulgaria (Application No. 59491/00) [anglais uniquement] [DH-DD(2025)1411]

1545th meeting (December 2025) (DH) - Rule 9.2 - Communication from an NGO (Bulgarian Helsinki Committee (BHC)) (21/10/2025) in the UMO Ilinden and Others group of cases v. Bulgaria (Application No. 59491/00) [anglais uniquement] [DH-DD(2025)1299]

Statileo v. Croatia group

Violation: Statutory limitations on use of property by landlords, including through the rent control scheme for flats subject to protected leases.

Latest Examination: March 2024 - CM/Del/Dec(2024)1492/H46-8

Latest Submissions: 1545th meeting (December 2025) (DH) - Rules 9.2 and 9.6 - Communication from an NGO (Udruga Proljeće) (10/10/2025) concerning the Statileo group of cases v. Croatia (Application No. 12027/10) and reply from the authorities (17/10/2025) [anglais uniquement] [DH-DD(2025)1222]

1545th meeting (December 2025) (DH) - Rules 9.2 and 9.6 - Communication from NGOs (Udruga Protectus, Association for Protecting Ownership, Owner’s Rights and Interests) (13/10/2025) concerning the Statileo group of cases v. Croatia (Application No. 12027/10) and reply from the authorities (17/10/2025) [anglais uniquement] [DH-DD(2025)1221]

Bekir-Ousta and Others v. Greece group

Violation: Refusal of domestic courts to register associations or dissolution of the applicants’ associations.

Latest Examination: June 2025 - CM/Del/Dec(2025)1531/H46-19

Latest Submissions: 1545th meeting (December 2025) (DH) - Rule 9.1 - Communication from the applicant (17/11/2025) in the Bekir-Ousta and Others group of cases v. Greece (Application No. 35151/05) [anglais uniquement] [DH-DD(2025)1366]

1545th meeting (December 2025) (DH) - Rule 9.2 - Communication from an NGO (Federation of Western Thrace Turks in Europe (ABTTF)) (20/10/2025) in the Bekir-Ousta and Others group of cases v. Greece (Application No. 35151/05) [anglais uniquement] [DH-DD(2025)1287]

1545th meeting (December 2025) (DH) - Rule 9.2 - Communication from an NGO (Greek Helsinki Monitor) (13/10/2025) in the Bekir-Ousta and Others group of cases v. Greece (Application No. 35151/05) [anglais uniquement] [DH-DD(2025)1232]

Alhowais v. Hungary & Shahzad v. Hungary (no. 2)

Violation: Ill-treatment of migrants by law-enforcement officers and border control agents, failure to protect life, and ineffective investigations in these respects.

Latest Examination: December 2024 - CM/Del/Dec(2024)1514/H46-18

Latest Submissions: 1545th meeting (December 2025) (DH) - Rule 9.2 - Communication from an NGO (Hungarian Helsinki Committee) (02/12/2024) in the case of Alhowais v. Hungary (Application No. 59435/17) [anglais uniquement] [DH-DD(2025)1108]

1521st meeting (March 2025) (DH) - Rule 9.2 - Communication from an NGO (Hungarian Helsinki Committee) (02/12/2024) concerning the case of Shahzad v. Hungary (no. 2) (Application No. 37967/18) [anglais uniquement] [DH-DD(2024)1449]

Szolcsán v. Hungary

Violation: Discrimination of a Roma pupil on account of segregation in a State-run primary school attended almost exclusively by Roma children (Szolcsán)

Latest Examination: March 2024 - CM/Del/Dec(2024)1492/H46-17

Latest Submission: 1545th meeting (December 2025) (DH) - Rule 9.2 - Communication from an NGO (Rosa Parks Foundation) (14/10/2025) in the case of Szolcsan v. Hungary (Application No. 24408/16) [anglais uniquement] [DH-DD(2025)1246]

M.H. and S.B. v. Hungary

Violation: Placement of unaccompanied minors in asylum detention due to the authorities’ failure to act expeditiously and in good faith when determining the applicants’ age.

Latest Examination: First examination

Latest Submission: 1545th meeting (December 2025) (DH) - Rule 9.2 - Communication from an NGO (Hungarian Helsinki Committee) (03/10/2025) in the case of M.H. and S.B. v. Hungary (Application No. 10940/17) [anglais uniquement] [DH-DD(2025)1203]

SY v. Italy & Citraro and Molino v. Italy group

Violation: Detention in ordinary prison of persons mentally ill (Sy), lack of comprehensive and updated medical evaluation of compatibility of their health condition with detention and failure to protect their right to life (Citraro and Molino).

Latest Examination: June 2024 - CM/Del/Dec(2024)1501/H46-19

Latest Submissions: 1545th meeting (December 2025) (DH) - Rule 9.2 - Communication from an NGO (Altrodiritto ODV) (20/10/2025) in the groups of cases of Sy and Citraro and Molino v. Italy (Applications No. 11791/20, 50988/13) [anglais uniquement] [DH-DD(2025)1286]

1545th meeting (December 2025) (DH) - Rule 9.2 - Communication from an NGO (Stra.Li for Strategic Litigation) (13/10/2025) in the Sy group and Citraro and Molino group v. Italy (Applications No. 11791/20, 50988/13) [anglais uniquement] [DH-DD(2025)1245]

Levinţa v. Republic of Moldova group

Violation: Ill-treatment and torture in police custody; ineffective investigations; lack of an effective remedy; conviction based on evidence obtained under torture.

Latest Examination: September 2023 - CM/Del/Dec(2023)1475/H46-22

Latest Submission: 1545th meeting (December 2025) (DH) - Rule 9.2 - Communication from an NHRI (People’s Advocate Office) (03/11/2025) in the Levinta group of cases v. the Republic of Moldova (Application No. 17332/03) [anglais uniquement] [DH-DD(2025)1351]

Murray v. the Netherlands

Violation: De facto irreducibility of life sentence imposed on prisoner suffering from mental illness.

Latest Examination: June 2024 - CM/Del/Dec(2024)1501/H46-41

Latest Submission: 1545th meeting (December 2025) (DH) - Rule 9.2 - Communication from NGOs (Dutch section of the International Commission of Jurists (NJCM), Netherlands Helsinki Committee (NHC) and Forum Humane Execution of Life Penalties (Forum Levenslang)) (01/10/2025) in the case of MURRAY v. the Netherlands (Application No. 10511/10) [anglais uniquement] [DH-DD(2025)1175]

Elmazova and Others v. North Macedonia

Violation: Discrimination of Roma pupils on account of their segregation in two State-run primary schools.

Latest Examination: December 2024 - CM/Del/Dec(2024)1514/H46-27

Latest Submission: 1545th meeting (December 2025) (DH) - Rule 9.2 - Communication from an NGO (European Roma Rights Centre (ERRC)) and an NHRI (Commission on Prevention and Protection against Discrimination of North Macedonia (CPPDNM)) (13/10/2025) in the case of Elmazova and Others v. North Macedonia (Application No. 11811/20) [anglais uniquement] [DH-DD(2025)1240]

M.K. and Others v. Poland group

Violation: Refusal of border guards to receive asylum application and summary removal to a third country with a risk of refoulement to and ill-treatment in the country of origin. Collective expulsion of aliens in a wider state policy of refusing entry to foreigners coming from Belarus. Lack of effective remedy with a suspensive effect. Non-compliance with interim measures under Rule 39 of the Rules of the Court.

Latest Examination: March 2024 - CM/Del/Dec(2024)1492/H46-24

Latest Submissions: 1545th meeting (December 2025) (DH) - Rule 9.2 - Communication from an NGO (Polish Bar Council) (23/10/2025) in the M.K. and Others group of cases v. Poland (Application No. 40503/17) [anglais uniquement] [DH-DD(2025)1325]

1545th meeting (December 2025) (DH) - Rule 9.2 - Communication from an NGO (Helsinki Foundation for Human Rights) (09/10/2025) in the M.K. and Others group of cases v. Poland (Application No. 40503/17) [anglais uniquement] [DH-DD(2025)1213]

Poklikayew v. Poland

Violation: Expulsion on national security grounds on the basis of undisclosed classified information without sufficient counterbalancing safeguards.

Latest Examination: First examination

Latest Submissions: 1545th meeting (December 2025) (DH) - Rule 9.2 - Communication from an NGO (Polish Bar Council) (21/10/2025) in the case of Poklikayew v. Poland (Application No. 1103/16) [anglais uniquement] [DH-DD(2025)1303]

1545th meeting (December 2025) (DH) - Rule 9.2 - Communication from an NGO (Helsinki Foundation for Human Rights) (10/10/2025) in the case of Poklikayew v. Poland (Application No. 1103/16) [anglais uniquement] [DH-DD(2025)1243]

Străin and Others v. Romania group & Văleanu and Others v. Romania

Violation: Ineffectiveness of the mechanism put in place to allow the restitution of or compensation for nationalised property.

Continuing ineffectiveness of this restitution mechanism.

Latest Examination: June 2024 - CM/Del/Dec(2024)1501/H46-27

Latest Submissions: 1521st meeting (March 2025) (DH) - Rule 9.1 - Communication from the applicant (13/12/2024) concerning the case of Ana Ionescu and Others v. Romania (Application No. 19788/03) (Strain group, 57001/00) [anglais uniquement] [DH-DD(2024)1471]

1545th meeting (December 2025) (DH) - Rule 9.2 - Communication from NGOs (Association for Private Property and ResRO - Restitution und Menschenrechte in Rumänien e.V.) (28/10/2025) in the cases of Strain and Others and Valeanu and Others v. Romania (Applications No. 57001/00, 59012/17) (Strain and Others group) [anglais uniquement] [DH-DD(2025)1317]

1545th meeting (December 2025) (DH) - Rule 9.2 - Communication from an NGO (ResRO - Restitution und Menschenrechte in Rumänien e.V.) (13/10/2025) in the cases of Strain and Others group and Valeanu and Others v. Romania (Applications No. 57001/00, 59012/17) [anglais uniquement] [DH-DD(2025)1236]

1545th meeting (December 2025) (DH) - Rule 9.2 - Communication from NGOs (Association for Private Property (Asociația pentru Proprietate Privată), ResRO (Restitution und Menschenrechte in Rumänien e.V.) and Asociația Proprietarilor Deposedați Abuziv de Stat (APDAS)) (13/10/2025) in the cases of Strain and Others group and Valeanu and Others v. Romania (Applications No. 57001/00, 59012/17) [anglais uniquement] [DH-DD(2025)1235]

Ukraine and the Netherlands v. Russian Federation

Violation: Multiple, flagrant and unprecedented Convention violations in Ukraine resulting from the downing of flight MH17 and numerous administrative practices by Russia in occupied territories/territories under “effective control” of the Russian forces and their proxies.

Latest Examination: First examination

Latest Submissions: 1545th meeting (December 2025) (DH) - Rule 9.2 - Communication from an NGO (The MH17 Air Disaster Foundation) (07/11/2025) in the case of Ukraine and the Netherlands v. Russia (Application No. 8019/16) [anglais uniquement] [DH-DD(2025)1365]

1545th meeting (December 2025) (DH) - Rule 9.2 - Communication from an NGO (Memorial Human Rights Defence Centre) (04/11/2025) in the case of Ukraine and the Netherlands v. Russia (Application No. 8019/16) [anglais uniquement] [DH-DD(2025)1355]

1545th meeting (December 2025) (DH) - Rule 9.2 - Communication from NGOs (European Prison Litigation Network, Russland Hinter Gittern e.V, and Protection for Prisoners of Ukraine) (30/10/2025) in the case of Ukraine and the Netherlands v. Russia (Application No. 8019/16) [anglais uniquement] [DH-DD(2025)1337]

A.C. and Others v. Spain

Violation: Lack of an effective remedy with suspensive effect, against decisions to remove the applicants to their country of origin, notwithstanding the risk to their lives/risk of ill-treatment.

Latest Examination: First examination

Latest Submission: 1545th meeting (December 2025) (DH) - Rule 9.2 - Communication from an IGO (United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)) (15/10/2025) in the case of A.C. and Others v. Spain (Application No. 6528/11) [anglais uniquement] [DH-DD(2025)1267]

Xenides-Arestis v. Türkiye

Violation: Continuous denial of access to property in the northern part of Cyprus (individual measures and just satisfaction).

Latest Examination: September 2024 - CM/Del/Dec(2024)1507/H46-38

Latest Submission: 1545th meeting (December 2025) (DH) - Rule 9.1 - Communication from the applicant (26/11/2025) in the Xenides Arestis group of cases v. Turkey (Application No. 46347/99) [anglais uniquement] [DH-DD(2025)1448]

Kavala v. Türkiye

Violation: Unjustified and extended detention of the applicant without reasonable suspicion and with the ulterior purpose of reducing him to silence.

Latest Examination: September 2025 - CM/Del/Dec(2025)1537/H46-40

Latest Submission: 1545th meeting (December 2025) (DH) - Rule 9.1 - Communication from the applicant ((18/11/2025) in the case of Kavala v. Türkiye (Application No. 28749/18) [anglais uniquement] [DH-DD(2025)1373]

Selahattin Demirtaş (no. 2) v. Türkiye group (individual measures)

Violation: Unjustified detention of the applicants without reasonable suspicion that they had committed an offence, with the ulterior purpose of stifling pluralism and limiting freedom of political debate. Unforeseeable lifting of the parliamentary immunity and subsequent criminal proceedings to penalise the applicants for their political speeches.

Latest Examination: September 2025 - CM/Del/Dec(2025)1537/H46-41

Latest Submission: 1545th meeting (December 2025) (DH) - Rule 9.1 - Communication from the applicant (17/10/2025) in the group of cases Selahattin Demirtas v. Turkey (No. 2) (Application No. 14305/17) [anglais uniquement] [DH-DD(2025)1237]

Logvinenko v. Ukraine

Violation: Various violations related to lack of adequate medical treatment in detention and lack of effective remedies, failure to comply with interim measures indicated under Rule 39 to provide the applicants with adequate medical care and failure to protect the right to life of individuals by denying urgent hospitalisation.

Latest Examination: June 2021 - CM/Del/Dec(2021)1406/H46-39

Latest Submissions: 1545th meeting (December 2025) (DH) - Rules 9.2 and 9.6 - Communication from NGOs (Protection for Prisoners of Ukraine (“PPU”) and European Prison Litigation Network (“EPLN”)) (22/10/2025) concerning the Logvinenko group of cases v. Ukraine (Application No. 13448/07) and reply from the authorities (23/10/2025) [anglais uniquement] [DH-DD(2025)1257]

1545th meeting (December 2025) (DH) - Rules 9.2 and 9.6 - Communication from an NHRI (Ukrainian Parliament Commissioner for Human Rights (Ombudsperson)) (17/10/2025) concerning the Logvinenko group of cases v. Ukraine (Application No. 13448/07) and reply from the authorities (24/10/2025) [anglais uniquement] [DH-DD(2025)1289]

McKerr v. United Kingdom group

Violation: Actions of security forces in Northern Ireland in the 1980s and 1990s; failure to conduct Article 2 - compliant investigations.

Latest Examination: June 2024 - CM/Del/Dec(2024)1501/H46-40

Latest Submissions: 1545th meeting (December 2025) (DH) - Rule 9.2 - Communication from an NGO (Committee on the Administration of Justice) (14/11/2025) in the MCKERR group of cases v. the United Kingdom (Application No. 28883/95) [anglais uniquement] [DH-DD(2025)1413]

1545th meeting (December 2025) (DH) - Rule 9.2 - Communication from an NGO (Relatives for Justice) (16/10/2025) in the McKerr group of cases v. the United Kingdom (Application No. 28883/95) [anglais uniquement] [DH-DD(2025)1271]

1545th meeting (December 2025) (DH) - Rule 9.2 - Communication from an NGO (Amnesty International) (14/10/2025) in the McKerr group of cases v. the United Kingdom (Application No. 28883/95) [anglais uniquement] [DH-DD(2025)1253]

1545th meeting (December 2025) (DH) - Rule 9.2 - Communication from an NGO (Committee on the Administration of Justice) (13/10/2025) in the McKerr group of cases v. the United Kingdom (Application No. 28883/95) [anglais uniquement] [DH-DD(2025)1252]